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<p>[[File:TRNA.jpg|thumb|300px]]<strong>Ribonucleic acid</strong>, or <strong>RNA</strong>, is molecule present in all living organisms. Like [[DNA]], RNA consists of a chain of simple building blocks called [[nucleotide]]s. The chemical properties of RNA allow this chain to fold back on itself, creating a diverse array of stable [[RNA Structure|structures]].</p> | |||
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<p> </p> | <p> </p> | ||
<p>__TOC__</p> | |||
<p> </p> | <p> </p> | ||
< | <h2>Animated video introduction</h2> | ||
<p> </p> | <p> </p> | ||
< | <p style="text-align: center;">{{#widget:Html5media|url=http://eternawiki.org/wiki/images/WhatsRNA.mp4|width=640|height=480}}</p> | ||
<p style="padding-left: 30px;">< | <p> </p> | ||
<p style="padding-left: 30px;">< | <h2>Comparison to DNA</h2> | ||
<p style="padding-left: 30px;"><em><strong>Main article </strong></em>: [[Comparison of RNA and DNA]]</p> | |||
<p>RNA, like [[DNA]], is composed of [[nucleotide]]s. Each nucleotide consists of a [[sugar]] joined to a [[phosphate group]] and a [[base]]. RNA differs from DNA in the identity of the sugar and one of the four bases. The sugar [[ribose]] present in RNA, while DNA contains the closely related sugar [[deoxyribose]]. Additionally, RNA incorporates the base [[uracil]], while DNA makes use of its close relative, [[thymine]].</p> | |||
<p> </p> | |||
<h2>Directionality</h2> | |||
<p style="padding-left: 30px;"><strong><em>Main article</em></strong> : [[Directionality of RNA]]</p> | |||
<p>Nucleotides are connected by bonds between the phosphate group and sugar. In most RNAs, each nucleotide is connected to others at only two places - the 5' and 3' ("five-prime" and "three prime") positions of the sugar. As a result, every linear chain of nucleotides has two distinct ends - one where the 3' position is [[unbound]], and another where the 5' position of the sugar is free.</p> | |||
<p> </p> | |||
<h2>Structure</h2> | |||
<p style="padding-left: 30px;"><strong><em>Main article </em></strong>: [[RNA Structure]]</p> | |||
<p>At its most basic level, the structure of RNA consists of the order of nucleotides. Base pairing between nucleotides in the same molecule allows an RNA to fold back on itself to create a second level of structure. The three-dimensional arrangement of these folds creates a third level of structure. The interaction of RNA and other molecules then creates a final, quaternary level of structure.</p> | |||
<p style="padding-left: 30px;"> </p> | <p style="padding-left: 30px;"> </p> | ||
< | <h2>RNA in Cellular Life</h2> | ||
<p style="padding-left: 30px | <p style="padding-left: 30px;"><em><strong>Main article</strong></em> : [[Roles of RNA]]</p> | ||
<p> </p> | <p> </p> | ||
< | <h2>RNA Viruses</h2> | ||
<p style="padding-left: 30px | <p style="padding-left: 30px;"><em><strong>Main article </strong></em>: [[RNA Viruses]]</p> | ||
<p> </p> | <p> </p> | ||
< | <h2>RNA Enzymes</h2> | ||
<p style="padding-left: 30px | <p style="padding-left: 30px;"><em><strong>Main article </strong></em>: [[Ribozyme]]</p> | ||
<p> </p> | <p> </p> | ||
< | <h2>Aptamers</h2> | ||
<p style="padding-left: 30px | <p style="padding-left: 30px;"><em><strong>Main article </strong></em>: [[Aptamer]]s</p> | ||
</ | <p style="padding-left: 30px;"> </p> | ||
</ | <h2>Teaching about RNA</h2> | ||
<p>{{#widget:YouTube|id=0Elo-zX1k8M}}</p> | |||
Revision as of 18:13, 22 April 2014
Ribonucleic acid, or RNA, is molecule present in all living organisms. Like DNA, RNA consists of a chain of simple building blocks called nucleotides. The chemical properties of RNA allow this chain to fold back on itself, creating a diverse array of stable structures.
Animated video introduction
Comparison to DNA
Main article : Comparison of RNA and DNA
RNA, like DNA, is composed of nucleotides. Each nucleotide consists of a sugar joined to a phosphate group and a base. RNA differs from DNA in the identity of the sugar and one of the four bases. The sugar ribose present in RNA, while DNA contains the closely related sugar deoxyribose. Additionally, RNA incorporates the base uracil, while DNA makes use of its close relative, thymine.
Directionality
Main article : Directionality of RNA
Nucleotides are connected by bonds between the phosphate group and sugar. In most RNAs, each nucleotide is connected to others at only two places - the 5' and 3' ("five-prime" and "three prime") positions of the sugar. As a result, every linear chain of nucleotides has two distinct ends - one where the 3' position is unbound, and another where the 5' position of the sugar is free.
Structure
Main article : RNA Structure
At its most basic level, the structure of RNA consists of the order of nucleotides. Base pairing between nucleotides in the same molecule allows an RNA to fold back on itself to create a second level of structure. The three-dimensional arrangement of these folds creates a third level of structure. The interaction of RNA and other molecules then creates a final, quaternary level of structure.
RNA in Cellular Life
Main article : Roles of RNA
RNA Viruses
Main article : RNA Viruses
RNA Enzymes
Main article : Ribozyme
Aptamers
Main article : Aptamers
